48. DASA SYSTEMS

सर्वज्ञोऽसि मर्हर्षे ! त्वं कृपया दीनवत्सल !।
दशाः कतिविधाः सन्ति ! तन्मे कथय तत्त्वतः ॥ १ ॥

1: Maitreya said, O Supreme Sage! You are ominiscient and have infinite knowledge. Kindly be merciful and enlighten me, in detail, about the prevalent “Planetary Dasas”(Periods).

साधु पृष्टं स्वया विप्र ! लोकानुग्रहकारिणा ।
कथयामि तवाग्रेऽहं दशाभेदाननेकशः ॥ २ ॥

दशाबहुविधास्तासु मुख्या विंशोत्तरी मता ।
कैश्चिदष्टोत्तरी कैश्चित्‌ कथिता षोडशोत्तरी ॥ ३ ॥

द्वादशाब्दोत्तरी विप्र ! दशा पञ्चोत्तरी तथा ।
दशा शतसमा तद्वत्‌ चतुराशीतिवत्सरा ॥ ४ ॥

द्विसप्ततिसमा षष्टि-समा षट् त्रिंशवत्सरा ।
नक्षत्राधारिकाश्चेताः कथिताः पूर्वसूरिभिः ॥ ५ ॥

2-5: Maharishi Parasara said, O Brahmin! You have asked a most appropriate question which will benefit one and all. I now unfold the secret of the prevailing Dasa systems.

There are various types of Dasas in vogue but for a common man, Vimshottari (विंशोत्तरी) Dasa is the predominant one. Some have mentioned particularly Astottari (अष्ठोत्तरी) and Shodsottari (षोडशोत्तरी) Dasas. O Brahmin! Ancients have also referred to Dwadasottari (द्वादशोत्तरी), Panchottari (पंचोत्तरी), Shatabdika (शताब्दिका) Dasas and in the same category there are also Chaturashiti-Sama (चितुरशीति समा), Dwisaptati-Sama (द्विसप्तत्ति समा), Shashtihayani (षष्टिहायनी), Shattrishanta-Sama (षिटत्रिंगतप्तमा) Dasas. All these Dasas are based on Nakshatras.

अथा कालदशा चक्रदशा प्रोक्ता मुनीश्वरैः ।
कालचक्रदशा चाऽन्या मान्या सर्वदशासु या ॥ ६ ॥

दशाऽथ चरपर्याया स्थिराख्या च दशा द्विज ! ।
केन्द्राद्या च दशा ज्ञेया कारकादिग्रहोद्भवा ॥ ७ ॥

ब्रह्मग्रहाश्रितर्क्षाया दशा प्रोक्ता तु केनचित्‌ ।
माण्डूकी च दशा नाम तथा शूलदशा स्मृता ॥ ८ ॥

योगार्धजदशा विप्र ! दृग्दशा च ततः परम्‌ ।
त्रिकोणाख्या दशा नाम तथा राशिदशा स्मृता ॥ ९ ॥

पल्चस्वरदशा विप्र ! विज्ञेया योगिनीदशा ।
दशा पैण्डी तथांशी च नैसर्गिकदशा तथा ॥ १० ॥

अष्टवर्गदशा सन्ध्या-दशा पाचकसंज्ञिका ।
अन्यास्तारादशाद्याश्च न सर्वाः सर्वसम्मताः ॥ ११ ॥

6-11: The Rishis have also made mention of Kala (काल) arid Chakara (चक्र)Dasas. But amongst the remaining Dasas, Kala Dasa has the greatest recognition. O Brahmin! Besides these Dasas, some have said about Chara, Sthir, Kendra, Karaka and Brahmagraha (ब्रह्मग्रह) Dasas. O Vipra! apart from these, Mandooki (माण्डूकी), Shoola (भूल), Yogardha (योगार्ध), Driga (दृग) followed by Trikona (त्रिकोण) and Rashi (राशी) Dasas are also there.

O Brahmin! Panchswara Dasa, Yogini Dasa, Pinda Dasa, Amsa Dasa, Naisargie Dasa, Ashtavarga Dasa, Sandhya Dasa, Pachaka Dasa and other Tara Dasa and the like are the different form of Dasas. However, out of these various Dasa forms, all are not acceptable by common consensus.

In some editions, Anshaja Dasa has not been mentioned but the word (तथांशी) figured in the 10th Shicka, gives aclear indication of this Dasa. As such Anshaja Dasa also needs to be considered.

In the foregoing stanzas, Maharishi Parasara has described about 32 types of Dasas. For the convenience and quick recapitulation of the esteemed readers, these Dasas are tabulated as per Table-1.

कृत्तिकातः समारभ्य त्रिरावृत्य दशाधिपाः ।
आ-चं-कु-रा-गु-श-बु.के-शुपूर्वा विहगाः क्रमात्‌ ॥ १२ ॥

वहिभाज्जन्मभं यावद्‌ या संख्या नवततष्टिता ।
शेषाद्दशाधिपो ज्ञेयस्तमारभ्य दशां नयेत्‌ ॥ १३ ॥

विंशोत्तरशतं पूर्णमायु: पूर्वमुदाहृतम्‌ ।
कलौ विंशोत्तरी तस्माद्‌ दशा मुख्या द्विजोत्तम ! ॥ १४ ॥

12-14: Commencing from Kritika, the Dasa lords in succession would be Sun, Moon, Mars, Rahu, Jupiter, Saturn, Mercury, Ketu, Venus; in the three cycles of Nakshatras. The number of Nakshatras between Kritika and the birth Nakshatra be divided

by 9. The remainder will indicate the Dasa lord if counted from the Sun. (Let us suppose the remainder being 5, then the Dasa lord will be Jupiter at the time of birth. The subsequent Dasas will be in the same order i.e. after Jupiter comes the Dasa of Saturn, Mercury, Ketu and so on)

O Brahmin! The full span of life of man in ‘Kalayuga’ is said to be 120 years (Purna Ayu). Therefore, amongst the various Dasas, Vimshottari Dasa is the prime Dasa system.

The remainder will indicate the Dasa lord counting It from the Sun. Suppose the birth was in Dhanista Nakshatra i.e, 23rd Nakshatra. From Kritika, Its number comes to 21 (both inclusive) the remainder will be 3 if this figure js divided by 9. The third planet Dasa-lord is Mars from Sun. Hence, at the time of birth, Dasa of Mars will be in operation.

दशासमाः क्रमादेषां षड्‌ दशाऽश्वा गजेन्दवः ।
नृपाला नवचन्द्राश्च नगचन्द्रा नंगा नखाः ॥ १५ ॥

15: The number of years assigned to each planet (lord of the Dasa) the Sun, the Moon, Mars, Rahu, Jupiter, Saturn, Mercury, Ketu and Venus are 6, 10, 7, 18, 16, 19, 17, 7, 20 respectively. The Dasa at the time is determined from the Nakshatra in which Moon is in transit at the time of birth which is called birth (Janma) Nakshatra.

From the table given below, the readers can early ascertain the planet, their Dasa years and Nakshatras represented by them.

TABLE-1A

Planetary Dasa years and their Nakshatras

दशामानं भयातघ्नं भभोगेन हृतं फलम्‌ ।
दशाया भुक्तवर्षाद्य भोग्यं मानाद्‌ विशोधितम्‌ ॥ १६ ॥

16 : Multiply the Dasa years of the planet, in whose Dasa the birth takes place by Bhayaata [The expired (elapsed) period ot the Nakshatra] and divide it by Bhabhoga [The full period to be traversed by the Nakshatra]. The resultant value will represent the period consumed in the Dasa of the planet till the time of birth. By deducting this figure from the full duration of the Dasa of the planet, the balance Dasa of the said planet is arrived at. (For terms Bhagyaata and Bhabhoga please refer to page 65 of volume 1).

Example-1 : Data: Date of birth 11/12-6-1981; Time of birth- 1-30 (night), Place of birth; Latitude 26°-43' N, Longitude 77°-55'E (The calculations are based on Vishwa Panchanga of B.H. University, Varanasi, India).

Method of calculation

From the above Panchanga, the following data are recorded :

Birth at = 50 Gh. 45 Pal. (in 4th quarter of Hasta Nakshatra)

Bhayaata = 61 Gh. 13 Pal,

Bhabhoga = 64 Gh. 44 Pal.

Step -1

Number of Nakshatras between Kritika and Hasta = 11

Dasa = 11 + 9; remainder 2.

The 2nd Dasa from Sun will be of the Moon which is of 10 years duration.

Step - 2

In order to find out the expired period of the planet upto the time of birth, the following equation (as per shloka-16) may be applied :

Calculations :

= 9 years, 5 months, 14 days.

Alternative method of calculation

9 years, 5 months and 14 days.

Out of the total period of 10 years of the Moon, 9 years, 5 months and 14 days had since consumed at the time of birth, leaving the balance of Dasa of 6 months and 16 days.

Alternative Method

In the present time, the majorly of the astrolorgers work out balance Dasathrough “Ephemeris” instead of Panchangas. The ephimeris record the planetary movements etc. in degree and minutes rather than in Ghatis and Palas. Let us take another example and work out balance of Dasa by employing the data from Lahiri Ephemeris for the year 1994.

**Example - 2 : "Lahiri's Ephemeris" Birth Data:**Date of birth :15-8-1994; Time of birth : 4.30 p.m.; Place of birth: Latitude :28°-43' N Longitute 77°- 55'E.

Method of Calculation :

Step 1

To start with, we need to focus on the Moon's longitude at the time of birth to locate the birth Nakshatra.

The movements of the planets in the ephemeris are with respect to 5-30 a.m., each day. The Moon therefore, traversed by 11 hrs. at the time of birth (5-30 AM - 4-30 p.m.) on that day.

By referring to log table (Table-2) we find :-

Near equivalent of log. 0.57181 = 6dg, 26 mts.

The longitude of the Moon at 4.30 PM on 15.8.1994

The longitude of the Moon at the time of birth : Scorpio 14 dag. 29 mts.

(If the table is not avalibale, Moon's longitude can also be found out in this way. Moon's 24 hrs. (1440') motion on 15.8.94 is 14°-02' (842'). Time lapsed upto 4-30 PM from 5-30 AM = 11 hrs. (660 '), The Moon’s movement upto 4-30 PM (birth time} = 842 × 660 + 1440 = 380 = 6°-267].

TABLE-2

Table of Proportional Diurnal Logarithms Hours Or Degrees

TABLE-2

Log.Table (Contd.) Hours Or Degrees

Step - 2 : Balance of Dasa :

The longitudinal span of a sign (Rasi) is 30° and of Nakshatra is 13°-20'. As such two and a quarter Nakshatras or 9 quarters of Nakshtras are accomodated under each sign. That is (27 Nakshatra 2 1/4 × 12 = 27) or 108 quarters (27 × 4 = 108) are in the ambit of twelve signs.

The sign, number of Nakshatra under each sign (quarter-wise) and the planetary lords of the the Nakshatras have been tabulated vide Table-3, for the convenience of the readers and placed at Table 3. This table will serve as a ready reckoner to locate the birth Nakshatra and Dasa lord from the longitude of the Moon at the time of birth.

The longitude of the Moon in Scorpio Sign 14°-29' falls in the 4th quarter of Anuradha Nakshatra having the lordship of Saturn. Hence, Saturn Dasa was in operation at the time of birth whose duration is of 19 years.

Calculation of Balance of Dasa from the table :

A most all the ephemarids carry a table for calculating the balance of Vimshottari Dasa at birth on the basis of sidereal longitude of the Moon. A similar table is also placed as Table-4 to ascertain the balance of Dasa without getting involved into the complcated calculations.

TABLE-3

SPAN OF NAKSHATRAS

TABLE-4

BALANCE OF VIMSHOTTARI DASA by Sidereal Longitude of Moon

TABLE-4 (Contd.)

BALANCE OF VIMSHOTTARI DASA -Contd.

TABLE-4 (Contd.)

BALANCE OF VIMSHOTTARI DASA -Contd.

The first column indicates Moon's longitude from 00° to 30° at an interval of 20’. The subsequent four columns represent a group of three signs. Down below in these columns, we find the planet (being the Dasa lord) and years, months and days corresponding to the longitude of the Moon.

In order to find the balance of the Dasa, we have first to locate the nearest Moon's longitudinal position. Similarly, the column of the Moon sign is to be identified. Now move horizontally from this point of nearest Moon's longitude upto the column of natal Moon sign and record the balance Dasa in years, months and days. Thereafter, the proportionate part for the longitude of Moon (i.e. with in 20') may be located from Table- 4B under the column of identified Dasa lord and substract from the figure arrived at from Table-4A to know the exact Dasa balance of Dasa at the time of birth of the native.

An illustration will give a clear insight on the use of the table. We take the data of the alternative method of example-1. In this case, the Moon is in Scorpio with longitude of 14°-29' at the time of birth. The nearest Moon's longitude in the Table is 14°-20' and the balance of Dasa at this longitude is to be found out from the last column which represents signs Cancer, Scorpio and Pisces. Itindicates ruling Dasa of Saturn with balance period as :

In the previous pages, there is frequent mention of ‘Dasa’. The expression ‘Dasa’over there actually relates to Mahadasa or Main Period of the concerned planet. Besides, Mahadasa, there are Antar Dasa (sub period), Pratyantar Dasa (Sub-Sub period) etc. these terms will be adequately explained as we progress further in this chapter. Therefore, the expression ‘Dasa’intends for Mahadasa (Main period) and shall not be confused with any other kind of Dasasviz. Antar or Pratyantar etc. (Sub or Sub-Sub period). The balance of Dasa of the planet at the time of birth is worked out in the preceding paragraphs is also in respect of unconsumed Mahadasa of the said planet. With this unexpired major period of the planet, commences the Dasa cycle of 120 years in Vimsottari Dasa system. Let us lift the position of balance Dasa from Example-2 and draw the Dasa cycle.

लग्नेशात्‌ केन्द्रकोणस्थे राहौ लग्नं विना स्थिते ।
अष्टोत्तरी दशा विप्र ! विज्ञेया रौद्रभादितः ॥ १७ ॥

चतुष्कं त्रितयं तस्मात्‌ चतुष्कं त्रितयं पुनः ।
एवं स्वजन्मभं यावद्‌ विगणय्य यथाक्रमम्‌ ॥ १८ ॥

सूर्यश्चन्द्रः कुजः सौम्यः शनिर्जीवस्तमो भृगुः ।
एते दशाधिपा विप्र ! ज्ञेयाः केतुं विना ग्रहाः ॥ १९ ॥

रसा: पञ्चेन्दवो नागाः सप्तचन्द्राश्च खेंन्दवः ।
गोऽब्जाः सूर्याः कुनेत्राश्च रव्यादीनां दशासमाः ॥ २० ॥

17-20: Maharishi Parasara said, O Brahmin! If Rahu excepting in the Ascendant (Lagna) is posited in an Angle (Kendra) or a Trine (Trikona) from the lord of Ascendant (Lagna lord), some learneds adopt Astottari Dasa system.

The Astottari Dasa commences with the Sun Dasa covering four Nakshatras with Aridra being the first one. Three Nakshatras thereafter are assigned to the Moon. Next four go to Mars followed by three Nakshatras for Mercury Dasa. Again, next four Nakshatras are entrusted to Saturn Dasa which is succeeded by Jupiter Dasa with subsequent three Nakshatras. Rahu Dasa comes next with four and last is the Dasa of Venus with three left over Nakshatras. (These planets are the lord of the Nakshatras which are under their fold). The ruling Dasa lord is determined through counting in the above order upto the birth Nakshatra.

O Brahmin! Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Saturn, Jupiter, Rahu and Venus are the Dasa lords. Excepting Ketu, all the other planets are covered in this system. The Dasa period starting from the Sun is 6, 15, 8, 17, 10, 19, 12 and 21 years respectively.

There is unanimity on the fact that if the native is born in Shukla Paksha, (brighter half of the lunar course) the prediction should be done through Vimsottari Dasa and for the birth during Krishna Paksha, (darker half of the lunar course) Asttotari Dasa system be employed.

Astottari Dasa has 108 years cycle and Ketu is not in the scheme of things. However, Abhijita Nakshatra has been included and as such 28 Nakshatras are operative in this system. It may, however, be noted that Abhlijita has no independent status. The span (arc or length of operation) of Abhijita Nakshatra constitues of the last quarter of Uttar Ashada and first 1/15th part of Shravana Nakshatras. One Nakshatra has an arc of 13°-20° (800'). With the contribution of Uttar Ashada and Shravana Nakshatra, the arc of Abhijita works out as under :

Consequently, the arc of Uttara Ashada and Shravana Nakshatras gets reduced to :

The native is said to have been born in Uttar Ashada if the birth is in the first three quarters of the Nakshatra. Similarly, the birth will be considered, in Shravana Nakshatra and if it is after 53' - 20" of the Ist quarter of the Nakshatra. When birth occurs in the gap of 253' - 20" between Uttara Ashada and Shravana Nakshatras, the native supposed to have taken birth in Abhijita Nakshatra. The Bhayaata and Bhabhoga of these three Nakshatras should be worked out keeping these factors in view.

दशाब्दांघ्रिश्च पापानां शुभानां त्रयंश एव हि ।
एकैकभे दशामानं विज्ञेयं द्विजसत्तम ॥ २१ ॥

ततस्तद्यातभोगाभ्यां भुक्तं भोग्यं च साधयेत्‌ ।
विंशोत्तरीवदेवात्र ततस्तत्फलमादिशेत्‌ ॥ २२ ॥

21-22 : O Brahmin! "In the event of maletic planets, the span (period) of each Nakshatra is 1/4th of the prescribed period of the planet while in the case of benefic planets, each Nakshatra's spanis to the extent of 1/3rd period of the planet. The expired period of the birth Nakshatra is ascertained in the same manner as in Vimsottari Dasa system, that is the period traversed by the birth Nakshatra in Astottari Dasa be multiplied by Bhayaata and divided by Bhabhoga of the Nakshatra. The Dasa balance is also arrived at in the same fashion”.

कृष्णपक्षे दिवा जन्म शुक्लपक्षे तथा निशि ।
तदा ह्यष्टोत्तरी चिन्त्या फलार्थल्च विशेषतः ॥ २३ ॥

23 : O Brahamin! “If the birth is in the day time during Krishna Paksha or in the night in Shukla Paksha and in order to ascertain specific results, Astottari Dasa be adopted”.

TABLE-5

ASTOTTARI DASA

As per Shloka 21-22, the procedure of ascertaining ‘Dasa Balance’ of the planet at the time of birth is the same as in the case of Vimsottari Dasa. The first step is to locate the associated Nakshatra of the Moon at birth time. (Janma Nakshatra ). The corresponding planet, of the birth Nakshatra (refer Table-3) will have the ruling Dasa at the time of birth. As stated earlier so also is evident from Table-5, the total period of the planet has been equally divided amongst the Nakshatras in its fold. Accordingly, Bhayaata and Bhabhoga of the birth Nakshatra is to be found out like Vimsottari Dasa system and balance Dasa is ascertained. The periods of the subsequent Nakshatras (of the Dasa lord) to the birth Nakshatras, if any, is to be addedto arrive atthe Dasa balance of the planet being the Dasa lord.

From Table-5, it may be seen that the span of each Nakshatra is 880'(13°-20') except the Nakshatras of Saturn as indicated in the foot note. The Satrun’s Nakshatra are having varied spans due to the introduction of Abhijita Nakshatra whose arc is carved from Uttara Ashada and Shravana Nakshatras as explanied previously. Therefore, at the time of birth if any of these Nakshatras is involved, a special care must be taken in calculatting the Dasa balance. Since span of Uttara Ashada is reduced by one quater, only first three quaters shall be taken into account for Bhabhoga of this Nakshatra.

Example - 3

It shows that the native was born in the 2nd quarter of Uttara- Ashada (one quater = 16Gh:5Pal) and Bhayaata is between 1st and 2nd quarters. Since 1/4 span goes to Abhijita and is reduced from Bhabhoga, the operative Bhabhoga of Uttara Ashada will be :

However, Bhayaata 25 Gh. 20 Pal. (1520 Pal.) will remain unchanged.

Uttar-Ashada is assigned to Saturn who has period of 10 years or 120 months and each Nakshatras has 2 yrs.-6months = 30 months (see Table-4). Therefore :

Balance of Saturn's Dasa

OR

15 months, 22 days 32 Gh, 20 Pal

or

1 yr 3 months, 22 days 32 Gh, 20 Pal

Since at the time of birth 2yrs. - 6 months (30 months) period of Poorva Ashada had already been consumed, this period should be added to the expired portion of Uttara-Ashada to arrive at the expired period of Satum.

By deducting the period already consumed in the saturn Dasa till the time of birth from the natal period of 10 years, we get the ‘Dasa Balance’ of Saturn at birth time.

Alternative Method :

The ‘balance Dasa’ can also be worked out in the following manner :

Deduct the expired period of Uttara-Ashada from the full period of the Nakshatra.

Add 60 months (30 months each of Abhijita and Sharavana (last two Nakshatras of Saturn) we get :

6 years, 2 months, 7 days 27 Gh. and 40 Pal.

Says 6 years, 2 months and 7 days.

Like Vimsottari Dasa, Astottari’s balance Dasa can also be calculated on the basis of longitude of the Moon at birth time. The method is like this, convert the longitude into minutes and divide it by 800' (13°-20' arc of the Nakshatra). The quotient will indicate the expired period of the preceding Nakshatras and the remainder will represent the period consumed by the birth Nakshatra, By deducting from the total span, the unexpired period of the birth Nakshatra is arrived at.

Example-4 :

Longitude of the Moon, from the example of Vimshottari Dasa may be referred,

The full periods of Aswini and Bharani Nakshatra have since expired and 7.42' of Kritika (birth Nakshatra) has also been consumed. From Table-5, it may be seen that Kritika is the first Nakshatra of Venus. Hence Venus Dasa is running at the time of birth.

Balance period of Kritika :

The total period of Kritika is 7 years or 2555 days.

say 24 days

Balance Dasa of Venus :

20 years, 11 months and 6 days

Alternative Method :

The balance of Dasa of Venus could be worked out straight away. Since Kritika is the first Nakshatra in Venus, the period consumed by this Nakshatra will be the period in Venus Dasa at the time of birth. Therefore, the expired period of Venus will be as follows :

Balance Dasa of Venus :

चन्द्रहोरागते कृष्णे सूर्यहोरागते सिते ।
लग्ने नृणां फलज्ञप्त्यै विचिन्त्या षोडशोत्तरी ॥ २४ ॥

पुष्यभाज्जन्मभं यावद्‌ या संख्या गजतष्टिता ।
रविर्भौमो गुरुर्मन्दः केतुश्चन्द्रो बुधो भृगुः ॥ २५ ॥

इति क्रमाद्‌ दशाधीशाः ज्ञेया राहुं विना ग्रहाः ।
रुद्राद्ये कोत्तरा: संख्या धृत्यन्तं वत्सराः क्रमात्‌ ॥ २६ ॥

24-26 : If Ascendant (Lagna) is in the Hora of the Moon in Krishna Paksha (waning Moon) or in the Sun’s Hora during Shukla Paksha (waxing Moon), Shodsottari Dasa be adopted for Prognoslication. Count the number of Nakshatras from Pushyami tothe birth Nakshatra and divide it by 8. The remainder will point out the Dasa of the planet barring Rahu, if counted in the order of the Sun, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Ketu, Moon, Mercury and Venus. The Dasa years are from 11 to 18 years with an accretion by one year for each planet in seriatim (i.e., Sun 11, Mars 12, Jupiter 13, Saturn 14, Ketu 15, Moon 16, Mercury 17 and Venus 18 Years).

Example-5 :

A native has taken birth in Mrigshira Nakshatra and his birth was in the Krishna Paksha and the Ascendent was in Moon's Hora, the Shodsottari Dasa system will give satisfactory results.

Suppose Bhayaata of Mrigshira is 20 Gh.- 30 Pal:(1230 Pals.) and Bhabhoga being 60 Gh., 10 Pal. (3610 Pals.). As per the Table-6 the Sun Dasa will be ruling at the time of birth (From Pushyami the Mrigshira Nakshatra is ahead of 25 count and if we divide this figure by 8, the remainder comes to 1 i.e, Ist planet which is Sun) Sun has period of 11 years :

= 3 years, 8 months, 29 days.

Alternative method of Calculation :

Balalnce Dasa of the Sun:

TABLE-6

SHODSOTTARI DASA :

शुक्रांशके प्रजातस्य विचिन्त्या द्वादशोत्तरी ।
जन्मभात्‌ पौष्णभं यावत्‌ संख्या हि वसुतष्टिता ॥ २७ ॥

सूर्यो गुरुः शिखी ज्ञोऽगुः कुजो मन्दो निशाकरः ।
विना शुक्रं दशाधीशा द्विचयात्‌ सप्ततः समाः ॥ २८ ॥

27-28 : Dwadashottari Dasa be pursued for those natives whose Ascendant falls in the Navamsa of Venus. Number of the Nakshatras from the birth Nakshatra to Revati Nakashatra be reckoned and divided by eight. The remainder will indicate the planet as the lord of Dasa by serially counting from the Sun, Jupiter, Ketu, Mercury, Rahu, Mars, Saturn and the Moon having period 6, 7,9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19 and 21 years respectively (An addition of 2 years in the successive Dasas). The Dasa of Venus is not in this scheme.

TABLE-7

DWADASHOTTARI CHAKRA DASA

निजार्काशगते कर्कलग्ने पञ्चोत्तरी मता ।
मित्रर्क्षाज्जन्मभं यावत्‌ संख्या सप्तविभाजिता ॥ २९ ॥

एकादिशेषे विज्ञेयाः क्रमात्सप्तदशाधिपाः ।
रविर्ज्ञोऽर्कसुतो भौमः शुक्रश्चन्द्रो वृहस्पतिः ॥ ३० ॥

एकोत्तराच्च विज्ञेया द्वादशाद्याः क्रमात्समाः ।
धृत्यन्ताः सप्तखेटानां राहु-केतू विना द्विज ! ॥ ३१ ॥

29-31 : When a native is born in the Cancer Ascendant (Lagna) and also having Cancer Dwadashamsa (1/12th Division), Panchattori Dasa be adopted. Divide the number of Nakshatras arrived at by counting from Anuradha to the birth Nakshatra by 7 digit and the remainder will indicate the planet of the ruling Dasa in the order of Sun, Mercury, Saturn, Mars, Venus, Moon and Jupiter having Dasa (years) of 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 years respectively. O Brahmin! In this Dasa system there are seven planets, leaving aside Rahu and Ketu.

TABLE-8

PANCHOTTARI DASA

वर्गोत्तमगते लग्ने दशा चिन्त्या शताब्दिका ।
पौष्णभाज्जन्मपर्यन्तं गणयेत्‌ सप्तभिर्भजेत्‌ ॥ ३२ ॥

शेषांके रवितो ज्ञेया दशा शतसमाहुया ।
रविश्चन्द्रो भृगुर्ज्ञश्च जीवो भौमः शनिस्तथा ॥ ३३ ॥

क्रमादेते दशाधीशा बाणा बाणा दिशो दश ।
नखा नखाः खरामाश्च समाज्ञेया द्विजोत्तम ! ॥
३४ ॥

32-34 : in the event of Ascendent (Lagna) being Vargottama (वर्गोत्तम) i.e. having the some Ascendent in Navamsa (1/9th Division), the Shatabdika Dasa system will be suitable for prognostication. Count the number of Nakshatras from Revati to the birth Nakshatra and divide it by 7. The remainder will indicate the Dasa lord in the order of the Sun Moon, Venus Mercury, Jupiter, Mars, Saturn. The period of these Dasa lords are 5, 5, 10, 10, 20, 20 and 30 years respectively.

Like Dwadashottari Dasa system, here also the number of Nakshatras are reckoned from Revati to the birth Nakshatra but the counting is done in the direct order rather than in the reverse order as was the case in the Dwadashottari system. The other distingushing feature is that here only 7 planets instead of 8 are considered and Rahu and Ketu are totally out of reckoning and are replaced by Venus. Rest of the procedure for calculating the balance period of the Dasa lord remained the same as laid down in the Vimsottari Dasa system.

TABLE-9

SHATABDIKA DASA

Illustration :

In Example-5, Mrigshira is taken as the birth Nakshatra which is 6th if counted from Reévati (See Table-9). Since it is less than 7, the remainder remains as 6 only and hence Mars Dasa will be running at the time of birth. From the said example, the ‘FACTOR’ Bhayaata/Bhabhoga (1230 ÷ 3610) comes to 0.341, Hence the expired period of Mars Dasa = 0.341 × 20 = 6.82 yrs. or 6 years 9 months 25 days. Substracting from 20 yrs (total period), the balance Dasa of Mars will come to 13 yr. 2 months 5 days.

कर्मेशे कर्मगे ज्ञेया चतुराशीतिका दशा ।
पवनाज्जन्मभं यावद्‌ या संख्या सप्तभाजिता ॥ ३५ ॥

शेषे रवीन्दु-भौम-ज्ञा गुरु-शुक्र-शनैश्चराः ।
दशाधीशाः क्रमादेषां ज्ञेया द्वादशवत्सराः ॥ ३६ ॥

35-36 : At the time of birth, if the 10th house is occupied by the 10th lord, Chaturashiti-Sama Dasa system will be useful. Number from Svati to the birth Nakshatra be counted and the figure is divided by 7. The remainder will indicate the Dasa order reckoned from the Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Saturn in that order. Each planet has an identical Dasa of 12 years.

TABLE-10

CHATURASHITI - SAMA DASA

Illustration :

Lifting the data from Example 5; the Dasa balance under Chaturashiti-Sama Dasa system is as under:

Birth Nakshatra - Mrigshira - 18th from Swati Nakshatra

Bhayaata/Bhabhoga factor (1230 ÷ 3610) = 0.341

Ruling Dasa = 18 ÷ 7; Remainder 4 = Mercury Expired period of Mercury = 0.341 × 12 = 4,092

= 4 years, 1 month and 3 days.

7 years 10 months and 27 days

मूलाज्जन्मर्क्षपर्यन्तं गणयेदष्टभिर्भजेत्‌ ।
शेषाद्दशाधिपा ज्ञेया अष्टी रव्यादयः क्रमात्‌ ॥ ३७ ॥

नव वर्षाणि सर्वेषां विकेतूनां नभःसदाम्‌ ।
लग्नेशे सप्तमे यस्य लग्ने वा सप्तमाधिपे ॥ ३८ ॥

चिन्तनीया दशा तस्य द्विसप्ततिसमाह्यया ।
विंशोत्तरीवदत्राऽपि भुक्तं भोग्यं च साधयेत्‌ ॥ ३९ ॥

37-39 : In Dwisaptati-Sama Dasa system, counting is done from the Moola to the birth Nakshatra. The figure is divided by 8 and the remainder points out the planet-Dasa lord in that order starting from the Sun, the Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus, Saturn and Rahu (Ketu is ignored). All the eight Dasas are of 9 years duration. Bhayaata and Bhaboga are considered in the same manner as in the Vimsottari Dasa system. This Dasa be gainfully applied in those cases where either the 7th lordis in the Ascendant or the Ascendant is posited in the 7th house.

TABLE-11

DWISAPTATI - SAMA DASA

यदार्को लागनराशिस्थश्चिन्तया षष्टिसमा तदा ।
दास्रात्‌ त्रयं चतुष्कं च त्रयं चेति पुनः पुनः ॥ ४० ॥

गुर्वर्कभूसुतानां च दशा दश दशाब्दकाः ।
ततः शशिज्ञशुक्रार्कपुत्रागूनां रसाब्दकाः ॥ ४१ ॥

40-41: If the sun is located in the Ascendant Shasti Hayani Dasa will be most suitable for such natives. Commencing from Aswini Nakshatra, a cluster of 3 and 4 Nakshatras, taken alternatively would represent the Dasa lord in the order of Jupiter, the Sun, Mars, the Moon, Mercury, Venus, Saturn and Rahu. First three Dasas of the planets would each be of 10 years duration and the last five Dasas would have 6 years each.

If we take cue from example-5, the birth is in the Mrigshira Nakshatra which is 5th from Aswini. Therefore, the birth is in the Dasa of the Sun of 10 years period. There are 4 Nakshatras in this group, each will be having a span of 2 1/2 years. Further, the period of Rohini Nakshatra has already been exhausted, The Bhayaata/Bhabhoga factor is 1230 ÷ 3610 = 0.341.

6 years 7 months 23 days

TABLE-12

DWISAPTATI - SAMA DASA

श्रवणाज्जन्मभं यावत्‌ संख्या वसुविभाजिता ।
शेषे चन्द्र-रवीज्यार-बुधा-किं-भृगु-राहवः ॥ ४२ ॥

क्रमाद्दशाधिपास्तेषामेकाद्ये कोत्तराः समा ।
लग्ने दिनेऽर्कहोरायां चन्द्रहोरागते निशि ॥ ४३ ॥

42-43: In the event of the birth being in the day time and also the Ascendant being in the Sun's Hora or in the night birth and Ascendant happened to be in the Hora of the Moon, Shat-Trimsha Sama Dasa be adopted. Count the number of Nakshatras from Shravana the birth Nakshatra and have it divided by digit 8. The remainder number would indicate the Dasa lord in seriatim Commencing from the Moon, the Sun, Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, Saturn, Venus and Rahu. The period of the Dasa would be in the natural order i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 years respectively.

TABLE-13

SHAT-TRIMSHA - SAMA DASA

सूर्यस्याऽर्धास्तयः पूर्वं परस्तादूदयादपि ।
पञ्च पञ्च घटी सन्ध्या दशनाडी प्रकीर्तिता ॥ ४४ ॥

सन्ध्याद्वयञ्च विंशत्या नाडिकाभिः प्रकीर्तितम्‌ ।
दिनस्य विंशातिर्घट्यः पूर्णसंज्ञा उदाहृताः ॥ ४५ ॥

निशाया मुग्धसंज्ञाश्च घटिका विंशतिश्च या: ।
सूर्योदये च या सन्ध्या खण्डाख्या दशनाडिका ॥ ४६ ॥

अस्तकाले च या सन्ध्या सुधाख्या दशनाडिका ।
पूर्णमुग्धघटीमाने द्विगुणे तिथिभिर्भजेत्‌ ॥ ४७ ॥

तथा खण्डसुधा-घदयो चतुर्घ्ने तिथिभिर्भजेत्‌ ।
लब्धं वर्षादिकं मानं सूर्यादीनां खचारिणाम्‌ ॥ ४८ ॥

एकादि-संख्यया निघ्नं दशामानं पृथक्‌ क्रमात्‌ ।
राहुकेतुयुतानां च नवानां कालसंज्ञकम्‌ ॥ ४९ ॥

44-49 : The periods of 5 Ghatis (2 hrs.) astride the setting of the semi-disc of the sun and like wise, 5 Ghatis (2 hrs.) proceding and 5 Ghatis (2 hrs.) succeeding the Sun risei.e. aspanof 10 Ghatis (4 hrs.) each is termed as the twilight period (Sandhya) of evening and morning respectively. As such both these Sandhyas are constituted of 20 Ghatis (8 hrs.) the 20 Ghatis period (4 hrs.) of the day (i.e. the gap between morning and evening Sandhyas) is called POORNA (पूर्णा) and similarly, 20 Ghatis (8 hrs.) of the night is named as MUGDHA (मुग्धा). 10 Ghatis Sandhya of the sunrise and 10 Ghatis Sandhya of the sun set are called KHANDA (खण्ड) and SUDHA (सुधा) respectively.

lf the birth occurs in Poorna or Mugdha, multiply the period (Ghatis) consumed at birth in the said portion by 2 and divide it by 15. The product be expressed in years, months etc. and reckoned as a constant factor. Multiply this factor by 1 to 9 in natural order, the Kala Dasa of the corresponding planet starting from Sun to Rahu, again in normal planelary order is achieved. In case the birth is in the span of Khanda or Sudha, the expired period upto the birth be multiplied by 4 and then divided by 15. This product also be used as aconstant factor in calculating the Kala Dasa of the planets in the same manner.

(i)**Khanda (खण्डा) :** Day and night consist of 60 Ghatis (24 hrs). The period of 10 Ghatis i.e. 5 Ghatis (2 hrs.) prior and 5 Ghatis (2 hrs.) later to the Sun rise is called morning twilight (Sandhya). The Sandhya of the morning is called Khanda.

(ii)**Sudha (सुधा) :** In the identical fashion 10 Ghatis of the evening i.e. 5 Ghatis (2 hrs.) astride sun set time constitute the evening twilight (Sandhya).

(iii)**Poorna (पूर्णा) :**The period of 20 Ghatis (8 hrs.) between both the Sandhyas i.e. Khanda 10 Sudha is known by the name Poorna.

(iv)**Mugdha (मुग्धा) :** Similarly, the 20 Ghatis (8 hrs.) portion from Sudha to Khanda is termed as Mugdha.

The readers must have noticed from the text that the only intricacy in calculating the Kala Dasa is to first identify the segment (amongst the four above segments) in which the birth has taken place and then to figure out as to how much time has elapsed from the beginning of the said segment and the birth time.

The rest of the calculations and pin-pointing the ruling Dasa at the time of the birth is a simple affair. However, the principles set out for this purpose are reiterated as under :-

(i)It a native is born in the period between Poorna or Mugdha, it is first of all necessary to know as to how much time has been passed (in terms of Ghatis or hrs./minutes) in Poorna or Mugdha upto the birth. The said time be multipied by 2 and then divided by 15, The resultant value shall be multiplied by the numbers assigned to the planet (Sun-1; Moon-2; Mars-3; Mercury-4; Jupiter-5, Venus-6; Saturn-7; Rahu-8 and Ketu-9) to arrive at the Dasa of the respective planet.

(ii)The procedure for calculating Dasas of the planet if the birth is in the duration of Knanda or Sudha, except the elapsed period upto birth is multiplied by 4 instead of 2 and then divided by 15, rest ofthe steps remain unchanged.

(iii)It may also be understood that if the birthis on Sunday, the first Dasa will that be of the Sun and if Monday, the Dasa cycle will start from the Moon and so on. Since Dasa of Rahu and Ketu are also in the scheme, their Dasas will figure at 8th and 9th portion,

Example - 6:

Suppose the birth is at 2 Gh. 25 Pal. after the sunrise on Monday. Since it s less then 5 Gh., the birth is reckoned in ‘Khanda’(Sandhya). In order to find out the time elapsed from the commencement of Khanda, 5 Gh. (period prior to the sunrise) be added which comes to 7 Gh., 25 Pal.- period and since has been passed in Kanda segment.

Calculations :

7 Gh. - 25 Pal = 7.416 Gh. × 4 = 29.66 [25 +100/66]

29.66 + 15 = 1.977 = 1 yr. + 0.977

0.977 × 12 = 11.724 = 11 months + 0.724

0.724 × 30 = 21.72 = 22 days (Day)

= 1 yr, 11 months, 22 days call it factor "A" =

= Sun Dasa = A × 1 = 1 yr. months 22 days

= Moon Dasa = A × 2 = 3 yrs. 11 months 14 days

= Mars Dasa = A × 3 = 5 yrs. 11 months 6 days

Likewise, the Dasas of the other planets could be worked out. Since the birth being on Monday, the first Dasa would be of the Moon.

The method of calculating Kala Dasa enunciated in the similar books published by M/s. Khemchand Shrikrishan Das Publications (Bombay) and Thakur Prashad & Sons Booksellers (Varanasi) is at variance. According to them, if the native is born in Poorna segment, the elapsed period in Poorna [time from sunrise to birth-5 Gh.] shall be multiplied by 6 instead of 2. Similar treatment de given in the event of the birth being in part of Mugdha. Similarly, for Khanda and Sudha segments the elapsed period in their respective portions is to be multiplied by 12 rather by 4.

Further, the product in respect of all the above cases need to be divided by 45 (against 15). The resulting figure should be taken as a constant factor (Dhruanka). The procedure for calculating individual planetary Dasa remained the same i.e. the factor is to be multiplied by the serial number 1,2,3........... 8, 9 to ascertain the Dasas order of Sun, Moon, Mars, Rahu, Ketu respectively as illustrated in example-6.

Here the common feature is that the multiplieres are three times in both the cases and so is the division. Since multiplier and divisor are enhanced by the same denomination, the net result will remain the same. However, the reason for such divergent opinions could not possibly by figured out through any classical works known to this humble author.

रात्रौ लग्नाश्रिताद्राशेर्दिने लग्नेश्वराश्रितात्‌ ।
सन्ध्यायां वित्तभावस्थान्नेया चक्रदशा बुधैः ॥ ५० ॥

दशा वर्षाणि राशीनामेकैकस्य दशामितिः ।
क्रमाच्चक्रस्थितानाञ्च विज्ञातव्या द्विजोत्तम ॥ ५१ ॥

50-51 : In the event of birth taking place in the night, the Dasa will originate from the sign of the Ascendant (Lagna Rasi). If the birth happened to be in the day, the Dasa will start from the sign which tenants the lord of the Ascendant (Lagna Lord). When the birth occurs in the period of twilight (Sandhya), the sign of the second house will initiate the Dasa. Each Dasa of the sign is of 10 years duration. Since the pattern of these Dasas is compatible with the twelve zodiacal signs, it is appropriately called as Chakra Dasa system.

The second situation is when the native's birth is in the day time and the sign that occupies the lord of the Ascendant will initiate the Dasa cycle. Again ff the Capricorn is the sign rising at the time of birth and Saturn is posited in the sign of Virgo, the Dasa cycle will begin from Virgo and succeeded by Libra, and so on.

The third eventuality covered in this system is the occurence of birth in the duration of twilight. In that case, the sign of the second house would give the lead. Taking cue from the Previous two situations when Capricorn being the rising sign, the Dasa will commence from Aquarius followed by Pisces, Aries in that order.

अथाऽहं शङकरं नत्वा कालचक्रदशां ब्रुवे ।
पार्वत्यै कथिता पूर्वं सादरं या पिनाकिना ॥ ५२ ॥

तस्याः सारं सुमृदधृत्य तवाग्रे द्विजनन्दन ! ।
शुभाऽशुभं मनुष्याणां यथा जानन्ति पण्डिताः ॥ ५३ ॥

52-53: Maharishi Parasara asserted - O Vipra! Prostrating before Lord Shiva, I now perorate Kalachakra Dasa, as it was narrated to Goddess Parvati by Lord Shiva in the ancient time, for the savants to enable them to give righteous interpretations to the populace.

Kalachakra (wheel of time) Dasa is a very important Dasa system, despite the fact that it appears slightly difficult because of non- universality of the rules and difference in their inte mpretations. Nevertheless, it is still popular on account of its employing wider spectrum of the Nakshatras in the system.

Kalachakra Dasa commences within each quarter (Pada) of Moon's Nakshatra at birth. 27 Nakshatras form 108 quarters (1 Nakshatra has 4 quarters) one quarter of the Nakshatra represents 1/9th part (Navamsa) of a sign (Rashi). Therefore, Kalachakra Dasa is a Navamsa - Rashi Dasa. The Dasa system has Striking similarlity with the Navamsa Dasa of the Jamini Sutras (aphorisms).

Kalachakra Dasa system canbe effectively applied in predicting the Maraka (time of death) and Arista (misfortune) of the native. Actually, through this Dasa system, astounding predictions have been made. Kalachakra Dasa system is capable of delineating correct events relating to the material comforts, happiness, success in ventures etc. Therefore, Kalachakra Dasa can be studied and applied with great advantage.

Savya and Apsavya Nakshatras :

द्वादशारं लिखेच्चक्रं तिर्यगूर्ध्वसमानकम्‌ ।
गृहा द्वादश जायन्ते सव्येऽसव्ये द्विधा द्विज! ॥ ५४ ॥

द्वितीयादिषु कोष्ठेषु राशीन्‌ मेषादिकान् लिखेत्‌ ।
एवं द्वादशराश्याख्यं कालचक्रमुदीरितम्‌ ॥ ५५ ॥

54-55: Outline two charts of twelve compartments each by drawing vertical and horizontal lines for Savya (clockwise) and Apsavya (anti-clockwise). Affix sign Aries in the second compartment of each chart. This is called Dwadash-Rashiatmaka Kalachakra.

अश्विन्यादित्रयं सव्यमार्गे चक्रे व्ययस्थितम्‌ ।
रोहिण्यादित्रयं चैवमपसव्ये व्यस्थितम्‌ ॥ ५६ ॥

एवमृक्षविभागं हि कृत्वा चक्रं समुद्धरेत्‌ ।
अश्‍विन्यदिति-हस्तर्क्ष-मलप्रोष्ठपदाभिधाः ॥ ५७ ॥

वहि-वाताहि-विश्वर्क्ष-रेवत्यः सव्यतारकाः ।
एतद्दशोडुपादानामश्‍विन्यादौ च वीक्षयेत्‌ ॥ ५८ ॥

56-58: A group of first three Nakshatras viz., Aswini, Bharani and Kritika be placed in Savya Chakra (Chart) and the next group of these Nakshatras starting from Rohini in the Apsavya Chakra (Charts). Similarly, the next three nakshatras will go to the Savya Chakra followed by anotherthree Nakshatras in the Apsavya Chakra, and soon, With this pattern of distribution of the Nakshatras, the Savya Chakra will house 15 and the Apsavya Chakra 12 Nakshatras. The four quarters (Padas) of Aswini, Punarvasu, Hasta, Moola, Poorva Bhadra; Kritika, Ashelsha Swati, Uttara Bhadra and Revatibe identifiedin the same fashion as of 4 quarters (Padas) of Aswini Nakshatras.

Description of DEHA (Body), JEEVA (Life) etc.

देहजीवौ कथं वीक्ष्यौ नक्षत्राणां पदेषु च ।
विशदं तत्प्रकारं च मैत्रेय ! कथयाम्यहम्‌ ॥ ५९ ॥

59: O Maitreya: now I enumerate how the quarters (Padas of the Nakshatras are made compatiable with Deha (body) and Jeeva (life).

TABLE-14A

DWADASHRASHIATMAKA KALACHAKRA

TABLE-14B

DWADASHRASHIATMAKA KALACHAKRA